Piggy backing is far more dangerous because you are modifying what voltages the ECU will see, potentially also bypassing safegaurds. So basically all could be going to hell and your ECU will think everything is fine and dandy. Imagine just one loose wire in the harness. Or one resistor starts to fail.Why not discuss the differences? If flashes were universally better, piggy backs wouldn't be so popular.
A piggy back keeps your factory ECU tune intact, and when removed is untraceable. Who cares? Well, the Maverick is a first year production vehicle with no OTA update functionality, so the chance of you having to show up at the dealership at some point for some kind of minor update is pretty high, and you have that coverage for half a decade or 60K miles, a significant portion of the vehicle's lifespan. Once your vehicle gets black listed, that's it, it doesn't matter if you go to another Ford dealership even in another state.
The piggy backs do indeed "trick" the vehicle into running more aggressive ignition timing and more boost and the like, but has limits on how extreme it can go and how much it can modify. This is a non-issue for most people because its running a tiny turbo anyway (275hp and a nice midrange torque boost is more realistic), so you're more likely to go way out of the efficiency zone of the turbo before you run into other limitations, and the factory systems these days are very smart and learn to adapt to the higher boost. Safety wise, they are generally just fine, just not as aggressive, the knock sensors are still going to protect the engine from silliness, and in fact I'd argue safer because while there is a chance of "bricking" a vehicle with a bad flash, you can't mess up a piggy back because you just unplug it and voila, you're back to stock. Sometimes the piggy backs even have little bluetooth mode toggles, so on your phone you can drive say totally stock most of the time, then a sport mode for a bit of extra power once your engine is warmed up, or if at a light and wanting to show off a race mode that you don't want to run for long periods of time.
But they aren't for people that want to make more extensive changes to their vehicle, in which case you have to go with a flash. With a flash, you're plugging a tool into your OBD2 to literally reprogram the ECU. Because of this, the chance of doing serious damage to your vehicle is far greater, since just like a firmware upgrade on your laptop or whatever things do have the potential to get jacked up, and the tuner can go as crazy as they want far beyond the safety envelope of the Ford engineers, and your warranty is thrown out the window because dealerships aren't stupid and if you come in with a powertrain problem on a turbo vehicle, history of a flash is the first thing they are going to check. If I were almost out of warranty anyway, I'd probably do a flash and look for a conservative tune, but that's not really applicable to a brand new 2022 model.
If the dealer is checking for tunes, piggybacking also leaves clues since piggybacks are selective in what voltages are modified. Also most ECU's only show iterations of flashes, and that's it. They don't show what tables used to be, or what programming was installed. So realistically there isn't a huge risk. But regardless you pay to play.
Flashing is much easier as you can change parameters in tables and work off the factory safegaurds (and there is more then just a knock sensor, there are safegaurds for everything). The only downfall of flashing is that it requires someone to build the software to modify the tables. That takes time. Every time a vehicle comes out, piggyback is first out. But every time I see a flash option come out, everyone jumps ship from the piggyback to flash. Flash is superior by every means.
Any monkey can make a piggyback module if you understand what the 0-5V corresponds to and how to modify the voltage. That's why it still exists.
Do you want to live in the stone age or the iron age?
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